乳腺癌发病率在全球地区呈现错综变化的发展趋势。 从发病率的增长速率和死亡率来看:以中国为代表的发展中 国家呈现出上升的趋势,而在以美国为代表的高度发达国家,则呈现出整体下降的趋势。 该文旨在通过比较中美在乳腺癌方 面的研究,对比中美两国在发病率、死亡率、存活率和治疗方案上的区别。 虽然中国的乳腺癌确诊人数绝对值较高,且在全球 中占比较大,但其在本国的构成比例低于美国;且从死亡率上讲,中国乳腺癌患者无论本国的死亡率还是标化死亡率,均低于 美国。 目前中国还没有建立标准的乳腺癌筛查程序,尽管中国女性诊断出乳腺癌的平均年龄比美国女性大约早 10 年,但是中 国女性确诊时的肿瘤阶段更晚期,且肿瘤的直径更大。 这使得两国的诊疗倾向性有着明显的差别。 因此,在当前中国女性乳 腺癌新发病例数及乳腺癌死亡病例数居高不下的情况下,为有效缓解乳腺癌带来的公共卫生负担,美国在乳腺肿瘤防治方面 的经验和成果仍然有值得中国借鉴之处。

The incidence of breast cancer has shown a staggering trend in different regions globally. In terms of the rate of increase in incidence and mortality developing countries represented by China show an increasing trend while in highly developed countries like the United States there is an overall decreasing trend. We aim to illustrate the difference in incidence mortality survival rate and treatment between China and the United States through a systematical comparison and analysis. The results show that China has lower mortality in breast cancer than the United States though a higher proportion of the global incidence. China is far from a standard breast cancer screening procedure which leads to a ten-year delay in diagnosis of breast cancer in Chinese women than in American women accompanied by the advanced stage of cancer and larger tumor sizes. Chinese women are diagnosed at a more advanced stage and with larger tumors. This determines the different tendencies of the two countries regarding the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. In conclusion the successful experience of dealing with breast cancer in America shed a light on China to escape from the health public burden resulted from the occurring new cases.