肿瘤患者恶液质的发病率和死亡率高,一旦进入恶液质期难以逆转,主要以患者骨骼、内脏的肌肉消耗为特征。 目 前还没有针对恶液质的常规干预措施,因此,建议在肿瘤早期采取积极主动的方法,以维持或减缓功能丧失。 运动对健康的 益处已经越来越明确,运动可以减少恶性肿瘤的发生风险,降低转移和复发风险,提高肿瘤患者的生活质量,并可能改善其生 存结局。 但运动对肌肉和/ 或体重恢复的可行性和有效性的最佳证据大多是在非恶液质患者中发现的。 运动在肿瘤恶液质 患者中的临床研究较少,其作用尚不能确定。 运动、营养补充和非甾体抗炎药的组合目前仍是多模式干预的首选治疗方 法,但其阻止或逆转肌肉和/ 或体重丢失的益处需要更多的临床和基础研究进一步证实。 尽管指南推荐肿瘤患者需加强运 动,但恶液质患者应在充分考虑安全性的基础上制订个性化的运动处方。 本文着重概述了运动在肿瘤恶液质中的应用情 况,结合动物模型研究和临床应用研究的最新进展,探讨运动疗法在对抗肿瘤恶液质中的应用与前景。

The morbidity and the mortality of cachexia in cancer patients is high and it is difficult to reverse once entering the period of cachexia in clinical. There is no routine intervention for cachexia presently. Therefore it is suggested to pay attention to take a proactive approach in the early stage of the disease to maintain or slow down the loss of function. The benefits of exercise on health have become more and more clearly. Exercise can reduce the risk of malignant tumor reduce the risk of metastasis and recurrence improve the quality of life of cancer patients and possibly improve their survival outcomes. However the best evidence for the feasibility and effectiveness of exercise on muscle and / or weight recovery is mostly found in patients with non cachexia. There are few studies on the role of exercise in cancer cachexia and its role is still uncertain. The combination of exercise nutrition supplement and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is still the preferred treatment method for multimodal intervention but its benefits in preventing or reversing muscle and / or weight loss need to be further confirmed by more clinical and basic studies. For cachexia patients individualized exercise prescription should be made on the basis of full consideration of safety though the guidelines recommend that cancer patients should exercise. This paper will focus on the application of exercise in cancer cachexia combined with the latest progress of animal model research and clinical application study and explore the application and prospect of exercise therapy in cancer cachexia.