目的 调查肿瘤内科住院患者机体组成及营养状况,分析不同性别、不同年龄患者营养状况的差异及相关性,为尽 早实施肿瘤患者的营养治疗提供依据。 方法 回顾性分析 2020 年 7 月至 2021 年 4 月在南京医科大学附属常州第二人民医院 肿瘤中心应用临床营养检测分析仪进行营养诊疗的 411 例住院患者的营养状况评估及体成分测试数据,按照年龄分为非老年 组(<65 岁)162 例(男性 91 例,女性 71 例)和老年组(≥65 岁)249 例(男性 144 例,女性 105 例),分析不同性别、不同年龄肿 瘤患者机体组成成分、营养状况,以及相位角与营养风险筛查和营养评估的相关性。 结果 所有患者中,营养风险发生率为 44. 77%,中度营养不良发生率 37. 23%,重度营养不良发生率 37. 47%。 男性患者中,与非老年组相比,老年组患者体重、肌肉 量、总水分、骨骼肌指标显著性降低,差异有统计学意义[(64. 88±10. 26) kg 比 (59. 42±10. 75) kg;(49. 1±6. 86) kg 比 (44. 95± 5. 93) kg;(38. 32±5. 27) kg 比 (35. 15±4. 58) kg;(28. 64±4. 56) kg 比 (25. 84±3. 91) kg, P<0. 05],营养风险发生率显著增加 (24. 18% 比 56. 25%, P<0. 05),重度营养不良发生率显著增加(20. 88% 比 46. 53%, P<0. 05)。 女性患者中,与非老年组相 比,老年组患者各项体成分指标均无显著性差异(P>0. 05),仅重度营养不良发生率显著增加(32. 39% 比 42. 86%, P<0. 05)。 不 同性别、不同年龄肿瘤患者中,相位角与营养风险和营养不良的发生显著负相关。 结论 肿瘤内科住院患者中,老年患者重度营 养不良的发生率显著增加,且男性各项体成分指标下降明显,临床中应特别关注老年男性肿瘤患者营养不良的发生及体成分的 检测。

Objective To investigate the nutritional status and body composition of hospitalized cancer patients analyze the differences and correlations in nutritional status of inpatients in oncology department of different genders and different ages and provide an evidence for the implementation of nutritional therapy for cancer patients. Method Retrospectively analyze the nutritional status and body composition of 411 inpatients who were in the oncology department Cancer Center Changzhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from July 2020 to April 2021 who applied the clinical nutrition analyzer for nutritional diagnosis and treatment. The patients were divided into non - elderly group < 65 years old and elderly group ≥ 65 years old . The body composition nutritional status of cancer patients of different genders and different ages and the correlation between phase angle and nutritional risk screening and nutritional assessment were analyzed. Result The incidence of nutritional risk was 44. 77% NRS 2002≥ 3 points the incidence of moderate malnutrition and severe malnutrition were 37. 23% PG-SGA was 4 - 8 points and 37. 47% PG-SGA≥9 points respectively among all patients. Among male patients compared to non-elderly group the body weight muscle mass total water content and skeletal muscle indexes of the elderly group were significantly decreased which was statistically significant 64. 88± 10. 26 kg vs 59. 42 ± 10. 75 kg 49. 1 ± 6. 86 kg vs 44. 95 ± 5. 93 kg 38. 32 ± 5. 27 kg vs 35. 15 ± 4. 58 kg 28. 64±4. 56 kg vs 25. 84± 3. 91 kg P< 0. 05 the incidence of nutritional risk and severe malnutrition increased significantly 24. 18% vs 56. 25% 20. 88% vs 46. 53% P<0. 05 . Among female patients compared to non-elderly group there was no significant difference in body composition indexes of elderly patients P > 0. 05 but the incidence of severe malnutrition increased significantly 32. 39% vs 42. 86% P<0. 05 . Phase angle was negative correlated with nutritional risk and malnutrition in cancer patients of different sexes and ages significantly. Conclusion The incidence of severe malnutrition in elderly cancer patients in oncology department has increased significantly and the body composition indicators of male patients have decreased significantly. Clinically body composition and nutritional status of elderly male cancer patients should be given more attention.