目的 了解老年高血压住院患者肌肉减少症的检出情况,并分析高血压患者发生肌肉减少症的相关影响因素。 方 法 选取连云港市第一人民医院心内科 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 11 月 30 日期间住院的老年高血压患者 415 例,收集基本资料、人体 测量学资料及血生化指标等,并进行营养筛查、人体成分分析。 根据肌肉减少症诊断标准,将患者分为肌肉减少症组和非肌 肉减少症组,比较两组相关指标,分析影响肌肉减少症发生的因素。 结果 本研究中有 57 例患者诊断为肌肉减少症,检出率为 13. 7%。 肌肉减少症患者(n = 57)与非肌肉减少症患者( n = 358)的年龄、活动方式、高血压等级、微型营养评定简表(MNASF)评分、营养风险筛查 2002 评分等方面存在差异(P<0. 05)。 肌肉减少症患者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、体质指数(BMI)、内脏 脂肪面积、基础代谢率、相位角均低于非肌肉减少症患者(P<0. 05),而收缩压、舒张压高于非肌肉减少症患者(P<0. 05)。 肌 肉减少症患者体质指数(BMI)、内脏脂肪面积、基础代谢率、相位角均低于非肌肉减少症患者(P<0. 05)。 多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示,年龄、舒张压、BMI、MNA-SF 评分是肌肉减少症发生的独立影响因素(P<0. 05)。 结论 高龄、舒张压升高是肌肉减少症发生的危险因素,超重、肥胖、无营养不良是保护因素;肌肉减少症导致高血压患者部分体成分指标降低,营养风险更高。

Objective To understand the detection rate of sarcopenia in hospitalized patients with hypertension and to explore the relationship between sarcopenia and hypertesion and to analyze risk factors for the occurrence of sarcopenia in hypertensive patients. Method 415 elderly patients with hypertension from cardiology department of the first people 's hospital of Lianyungang between January 1 2021 and November 30 2021 were selected according to the inclusion criteria. The patients􀆶 basic information blood indexes nutritional screening anthropometry data and body composition analysis data were collected. All patients were divided into sarcopenia group n = 57 and non-sarcopenia group n = 358 according to the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. The relevant indicators of the two groups were compared and the factors that affeted the occurrence of sarcopenia were analyzed. Result In this study 57 patients were diagnosed with sarcopenia. The detection rate of sarcopenia in elderly hypertension was 13. 7%. There were statistically significant differences in age activity mode the grade of hypertension the score of MNA-SF and the score of NRS 2002 between sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenia group P<0. 05 . LDL-C BMI visceral fat area basal metabolic rate and phase in sarcopenia group were smaller than those in non-sarcopenia group P<0. 05 . Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were higher than those in non-sarcopenia group P< 0. 05 . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure activity mode the grade of hypertension LDL-C and the score of NRS 2002 were not correlated with sarcopenia P>0. 05 . Age diastolic blood pressure BMI and the score of MNA - SF were the influencing factors of sarcopenia in elderly patients with hypertension. Conclusion Advanced age and a high diastolic blood pressure are the risk factors for the occurrence of sarcopenia in the elderly patients with hypertension while overweight obesity and non-malnutrition are the protective factors of hypertension without sarcopenia. Sarcopenia results in lower body composition and higher nutritional risk of hypertensive patients.