结直肠癌(CRC)是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤,其发生、发展不仅与肿瘤细胞本身的特性有关,也与肿瘤微环境 (TME)密切相关。 作为 TME 的重要组成部分,肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAMs)调节 CRC 中多种关键致癌过程,通过分泌细胞因子 和趋化因子,并与炎症机制协调,促进肿瘤的发生、增殖和转移。 基于 TAMs 对肿瘤进展的影响,目前靶向肿瘤巨噬细胞的相 关治疗策略主要集中在将 TAMs 作为免疫治疗的靶点、抑制巨噬细胞募集、重新诱导 TAMs 的表型极化、将 TAMs 靶向治疗与 常规治疗相结合等方面。 不仅如此,有研究指出将针对 TAMs 的靶向疗法互相结合,可能未来会成为治疗 CRC 联合疗法的重 大突破,为临床 CRC 治疗提供更多选择。 因此,对 TAMs 的功能和调节机制的日益了解将更有效探索它们在 CRC 中的临床应 用。 本文将对 TAMs 在 CRC 中发生、发展中的作用及相关机制进行综述,并总结了与 TAMs 相关的 CRC 潜在治疗策略,为 CRC 的诊治提供了新兴的思路和方法,具有参考价值。

Colorectal cancer CRC is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system and its occurrence and development are not only related to the characteristics of tumor cells themselves but also closely related to the tumor microenvironment TME . As an important component of TME tumor-associated macrophages TAMs regulate a variety of key oncogenic processes in CRC promote tumor genesis proliferation and metastasis by secreting cytokines and chemokines and coordinating with inflammatory mechanisms. Based on the impact of TAMs on tumor progression the current therapeutic strategies targeting tumor macrophages mainly focus on TAMs as targets for immunotherapy inhibition of macrophage recruitment reinduction of phenotypic polarization of TAMs and combination of TAMs targeted therapy with conventional treatment. Therefore the growing understanding of the functional and regulatory mechanisms of TAMs will allow us to effectively explore their clinical application in colorectal cancer. In this review we describe the role and related mechanisms of TAMs in the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer and based on the above summarize the potential therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer related to TAMs so as to provide emerging treatment ideas and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC which has effective reference value.