肠内营养过程中出现的一系列并发症被称作肠内营养耐受不良,其主要症状包括腹痛、腹胀、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、胃 残留量增加和肠鸣音消失等。 肠道对于肠内营养的耐受度一定程度上反映了胃肠道功能状态和疾病严重状态,与不良临床 结局相关。 目前肠内营养耐受不良没有公认的统一标准,一般需要综合肠鸣音和胃残留量进行判断。 肠内营养实施的时机、 给药途径、输注方式均有可能对胃肠道产生影响。 本文基于现有研究和证据,结合临床经验,就肿瘤患者肠内营养耐受不良 的治疗方法、时机、手段等作总结和推荐。

A series of complications during enteral nutrition are called enteral nutrition intolerance whose main symptoms include abdominal pain abdominal distension nausea and vomiting diarrhea increased gastric residuals and loss of bowel sounds. The degree of intestinal tolerance to enteral nutrition reflects the functional status of the gastrointestinal tract and the severity of the disease to a certain extent and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. At present there is no unified standard for poor tolerance of enteral nutrition and it is usually judged by the combination of intestinal sounds and gastric residual volume. The timing of enteral nutrition implementation route of administration and mode of infusion may all have an impact on the gastrointestinal tract. This paper summarizes and recommends the treatment timing and means of poorly tolerated enteral nutrition in oncology patients based on existing studies and evidence combined with clinical experience.