目的 研究老年高血压患者生物电阻抗相位角(PA)与营养状况的关系,探讨其评估患者营养状况的可行性。 方法 选取连云港市第一人民医院 2021 年 1 月至 12 月入院的老年高血压患者 415 例,进行一般资料收集、营养风险筛查、营养评 估、人体测量、人体成分分析、血生化检查,采用病例对照研究,按相位角数值将患者分为正常 PA 组和低 PA 组,分析 PA 与各 营养指标的关系。 结果 低 PA 组存在营养风险及营养不良的比例高于正常 PA 组(P<0. 05)。 低 PA 组体重、体质指数、上臂 围、腰围、臀围、舒张压、握力、步速、骨骼肌量、体脂百分比、四肢骨骼肌量(ASM)、四肢骨骼肌质量指数(ASMI)、血红蛋白、白 蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均低于正常 PA 组(P<0. 05)。 相关性分析显示,PA 与体脂百分比呈负相关 (r = -0. 321,P<0. 05),与体重(r = 0. 231)、体质指数( r = 0. 132)、上臂围( r = 0. 381)、臀围( r = 0. 135)、握力( r = 0. 274)、步速 (r = 0. 192)、骨骼肌量(r = 0. 499)、ASM(r = 0. 464)、ASMI(r = 0. 562)、血红蛋白( r = 0. 316)、白蛋白( r = 0. 163)、甘油三酯( r = 0. 105)呈正相关(P<0. 05)。 低 PA 与营养风险、营养不良程度明显相关(P<0. 05)。 结论 相位角是反映老年高血压患者营养状况的有效指标,在老年高血压患者营养筛查与评估中具有潜在的临床应用价值。

Objective To study the relationship between bioelectrical impedance phase Angle PA and nutritional status in elderly patients with hypertension and to explore the feasibility of assessing the nutritional status of patients. Method A total of 415 elderly hypertensive patients admitted to the First People′s Hospital of Lianyungang from January to December 2021 were enrolled. General data collection nutritional risk screening nutritional assessment anthropometry body composition analysis and blood biochemical examination were performed. Using a case-control study the patients were divided into normal PA group and low PA group according to phase angle. The relationship between PA and nutrition related indexes were analyzed. Result The nutritional risk and proportion of malnutrition in low PA group were higher than those in normal PA group P< 0. 05 . Body weight body mass index upper arm circumference waist circumference hip circumference diastolic blood pressure grip strength walking speed skeletal muscle mass percentage of body fat appendicular skeletal muscle mass ASM appendicular skeletal muscle mass index ASMI hemoglobin albumin total cholesterol triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in low PA group were all lower than those in normal PA group P<0. 05 . Correlation analysis showed that PA was negatively correlated with body fat percentage r = -0. 321 P<0. 05 and positively correlated with body weight r = 0. 231 body mass index r = 0. 132 upper arm circumference r = 0. 381 hip circumference r = 0. 135 grip strength r = 0. 274 walking speed r = 0. 192 skeletal muscle mass r = 0. 499 ASM r = 0. 464 ASMI r = 0. 562 hemoglobin r = 0. 316 albumin r = 0. 163 and triglyceride r = 0. 105 P< 0. 05 . Low PA was significantly associated with nutritional risk and degree of malnutrition P < 0. 05 . Conclusion Phase angle is an effective index of nutritional status in elderly hypertensive patients and has potential clinical application value in nutritional screening and evaluation of elderly hypertension patients.