癌性厌食可贯穿在肿瘤患者的疾病全程且容易被忽略,该病在晚期肿瘤患者中很常见,发病率高达 80%。 癌性厌 食与肿瘤患者的慢性疾病或抗癌治疗相关,患者会出现食欲减退甚至丧失,伴或不伴体重丢失,会对患者的营养状况产生不 利影响,严重影响患者的生活质量,最终会发展为癌性厌食/ 恶液质综合征,直接影响患者的生存结局。 癌性厌食是正常食欲 调控信号转导失败所致,且不同于营养不良或饥饿,它是由代谢异常所引起。 但目前对癌性厌食发病分子机制的研究尚未完 全清晰,大多数研究认为白介素-1、肿瘤坏死因子-α 和白介素-6 等促炎症细胞因子,胃饥饿素、瘦素和胆囊收缩素等外周激 素,以及中枢神经肽可以通过不同方式和途径改变正常食欲调控信号,进而导致癌性厌食的发生。 本文对近年来癌性厌食发 病机制的相关影响因素进行综述,以期为准确评估癌性厌食、探索新的治疗靶点和治疗方案提供思路和方向。

Cancer anorexia can appear throughout the disease of cancer patients and is often ignored. The disease is common in advanced cancer patients with an incidence of up to 80%. Cancer anorexia is related to the chronic disease or anti-cancer treatment of cancer patients with characters of loss of appetite with or without weight loss negatively affects quality of life and even cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome which directly affects the survival outcome of patients. Modern medical research believed that cancer anorexia is caused by the failure of normal appetite regulation signal transduction and different from malnutrition or hunger it is caused by metabolic abnormalities. However the current research on the pathogenesis of cancer anorexia has not been completely clear. Most studies believed that pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 and peripheral hormones such as ghrelin leptin and cholecystokinin central neuropeptide can alter normal regulation signals that govern appetite in different ways and then lead to cancer anorexia. Herein we aimed to review the recent related factors of pathogenesis progress for cancer anorexia and can provide references for further research on evaluation of cancer anorexia and new therapeutic targets.