生长激素释放肽( ghrelin)是一种胃源性肽,也被称为饥饿素,可刺激垂体释放生长激素,是一种调节能量代谢的 关键多肽,以酰基化生长激素释放肽与无活性的非酰基化生长激素释放肽两种形式存在。 酰基化的生长激素释放肽与生 长激素促分泌素受体结合,介导多种生理功能。 除了刺激食欲增加食物摄入的作用外,生长激素释放肽还可以保护心脏功 能,防止肌肉萎缩,增加骨密度,调节应激与焦虑,抑制炎性细胞因子产生,生长激素释放肽及其受体成为多种疾病的潜在 治疗靶点。 近年来,越来越多的研究证明生长激素释放肽及生长激素促分泌素受体在多种肿瘤中异常表达,对肿瘤细胞的 增殖、凋亡、自噬等功能产生直接作用;也可通过调节炎症反应、雌激素产生和代谢的间接作用,与肿瘤的发生与发展密切 相关。 生长激素释放肽及其受体异常表达可作为多种肿瘤诊断、疗效预测和预后评估的标志物。 靶向生长激素释放肽 药物也逐渐被研发,并在抗肿瘤和肿瘤患者支持治疗的临床前研究和临床试验中显示了良好疗效。 本文将讨论生长激 素释放肽及受体在肿瘤发生发展中的作用及其作为肿瘤标志物与治疗靶点的潜力,并对其相关药物在肿瘤患者中的应 用进行综述。

Ghrelin is a gastric peptide also known as the hunger hormone. It can stimulate the pituitary gland to release growth hormone and is a key peptide that regulates energy metabolism. Ghrelin exists in two forms acylated ghrelin and inactive des-acylated ghrelin. Acylated ghrelin binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor GHSR and mediates a variety of physiological functions. In addition to stimulating appetite and increasing food intake ghrelin can also protect heart function prevent muscle atrophy increase bone density regulate stress and anxiety and inhibit inflammatory cytokine production. Ghrelin and its receptors have become potential therapeutic targets for a variety of diseases. In recent years more and more studies have proven that ghrelin and GHSR are abnormally expressed in various tumors and have direct effects on tumor cell proliferation apoptosis autophagy and other functions. They are also closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors through the indirect effects of regulating inflammatory response estrogen production and metabolism. The abnormal expression of ghrelin and its receptor can serve as a marker for diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of various tumors. Additionally drugs targeting ghrelin are gradually being developed and have demonstrated promising efficacy in preclinical studies and clinical trials for both antitumor treatment and supporting therapy for tumor patients. This article will explore the role of ghrelin and its receptors in tumor development their potential as tumor markers and therapeutic targets and review the application of related drugs in tumor patients.