炎症是自身免疫系统对外界刺激的防御反应,能够在各种有害条件下维持组织稳态。 然而,炎症反应会导致暂 时性的组织功能下降,这反过来也是许多疾病发生的机制之一。 因此,当炎症反应过度或持续存在时,会促进多种慢性疾 病的发展,例如心血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、糖尿病、慢性肾病以及代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)等。 从生命的早期阶段起,炎 症在我们伤口愈合和感染康复中扮演着至关重要的角色,而到了老年时,我们可能会遭受各种慢性炎症性疾病的折磨。 人 类生命过程与炎症息息相关,炎症不仅是一种保护因素,同时也可能是一种致病因素,贯穿了整个生命周期。 因此,全面了 解炎症并尝试采取措施来减轻炎症对健康的影响十分重要。 本文旨在系统介绍炎症相关进展。 通过系统性地探讨炎症理 论发展史、炎症发生模式、炎症分类、炎症作用以及炎症调控等内容,以期为炎症相关疾病的干预和治疗提供新的思路和 方向。

Inflammation is a defensive response of the body's immune system to external stimuli capable of maintaining tissue homeostasis under various harmful conditions. Inflammation is the body 's immune system 's defensive response to external stimuli capable of maintaining tissue homeostasis under various harmful conditions. However the side effect of the inflammatory response is a temporary decrease in tissue function which is one of the mechanisms underlying many diseases. Therefore when inflammation is excessive or persistent it can promote the development of various chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease malignant tumors diabetes chronic kidney disease and non - alcoholic fatty liver disease. Human life process is closely related to inflammation. Inflammation is not only a protective factor but also a potentially pathogenic factor that runs throughout the entire life cycle. Therefore it is important to have a comprehensive understanding of inflammation and to take measures to mitigate its impact on health. The purpose of this review is to systematically review the progress of inflammation. By systematically discussing the history of inflammation theory the pattern of inflammation the classification of inflammation the role of inflammation and the regulation of inflammation we hope to provide new ideas and directions for the intervention and treatment of inflammation-related diseases.