微量营养素即微量元素和维生素,是人体需求量少,但维持机体正常生理功能所必需的物质。 恶性肿瘤是当今世 界面临的重大挑战之一,作为一种慢性消耗性疾病,是营养不良的高危人群,中国抗癌协会肿瘤营养专业委员会 2019 年报告 显示,我国肿瘤患者营养不良发生率高达 58%。 尽管针对恶性肿瘤患者给予适当的营养治疗已获普遍认可,但微量营养素作 为营养物质的一部分,在恶性肿瘤患者中的重要性尚未引起广泛重视。 微量营养素的缺乏会影响肿瘤的发生、发展,使患者 抗肿瘤治疗耐受性下降,不良反应增加,对生活质量产生负面影响,缩短患者生存期。 由于肿瘤类型、治疗方案和个体差异等 因素的存在,微量营养素补充的实践存在许多争议和不确定性,因此,本共识组织医疗、营养、护理三方人员形成跨学科协 作,基于现有的国内外研究和证据,详细阐述了微量营养素缺乏对恶性肿瘤患者的影响,并就恶性肿瘤患者微量营养素的测 定、评价及补充治疗等做总结和推荐,以满足微量营养素的营养需求。

Micronutrients including trace elements and vitamins are substances that the human body needs in small quantities but are necessary to involve in normal physiological process of organism. Malignant tumor as a chronic wasting disease is one of the major challenges in today's world. Patients with malignant tumors is a high-risk group for malnutrition and the 2019 report of the Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology CSNO shows that the incidence of malnutrition in China's tumor patients is as high as 58%. Nutritional support for malignant tumor patients during therapy has been generally recognized. However as a part of nutrients the importance of micronutrients in malignant tumor patients has not yet attracted widespread attention. Micronutrient deficiencies will affect tumor development make patients tolerance to antitumor therapy decreased increase adverse reactions negatively affect quality of life and shorten patient survival period. The practice of micronutrient supplementation is subject to much controversy and uncertainty due to factors such as tumor type treatment regimen and individual differences. Therefore this consensus organizes interdisciplinary collaboration among medical nutritional and nursing parties based on existing domestic and international studies demonstrates the impact of micronutrient deficiencies on patients with malignant tumors. We also summarize and recommend measurements assessments and supplementation treatments of micronutrient for malignant tumors patients which satisfy the nutritional needs.