长期无法经口进食或经口进食不足会导致患者产生营养不良,需进行肠外营养治疗。 需要长期肠外营养治疗的患 者可在专业营养支持小组的指导下,在家中实施家庭肠外营养治疗,以维持和改善患者的营养状况,并避免长期住院,节省医 疗费用,提高生活质量。 2023 年欧洲肠外肠内营养学会发布了最新版家庭肠外营养指南,该指南以之前发表的指南为基 础,提供了最新的证据和专家意见,并将建议以流程图的形式呈现,使其更加直观。 该指南提出了对家庭肠外营养适应证、中 心静脉血管通路装置(包括中心静脉导管、经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管和输液港)和输液泵、静脉管路维护、营养制剂、监测 和管理等方面的 71 条推荐建议,对指导患者进行家庭肠外营养治疗提供重要的参考意见。 本文对该指南进行解读,重新归类 整理推荐意见,以期增进理解,提高该指南的实用性。

Chronic inability or lack of oral food can lead to malnutrition requiring parenteral nutrition treatment. Patients who need long- term parenteral nutritional therapy can implement home parenteral nutritional therapy at home under the guidance of a professional nutritional support team in order to maintain and improve the nutritional status of the patient and avoid long - term hospitalization save medical costs and improve the quality of life. In 2023 the ESPEN guidelines on home parenteral nutrition. It builds on previously published guidance provides an update on the available evidence and expert opinion and visualizes the recommendations by presenting them as a flowchart. It unified 71 recommendations of home parenteral nutrition central venous access device CVAD including central venous catheter peripherally inserted central catheter and implantable venous access port and infusion pump infusion catheter and CVAD site care nutritional preparations program monitoring and management. These recommendations have great value in guiding home parenteral nutritional management of patients. We interpret the guidelines and reorganize the recommendations to improve the understanding and practicability.