目的 探讨经鼻留置胃管管饲(NGT) 对食管癌患者放化疗期间营养状况及身体状态的影响。 方法 回顾性分析 2020 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月南京医科大学附属宿迁第一人民医院收治的 100 例行同步放化疗的食管癌患者,按照营养治疗方 法不同分为 2 组,分别接受 NGT 肠内喂养组(n = 50)和口服营养补充(ONS)组(n = 50)。 比较两组患者干预 8 周前后的营养 状态[营养风险筛查 2002(NRS 2002) 、患者主观整体评估(PG-SGA)、体质指数(BMI) 及相关血清营养指标]、身体状态 [Karnofsky 功能状态(KPS)评分及放化疗不良反应发生率]。 结果 干预前两组 NRS 2002、PG-SGA 和 KPS 评分比较,差异无 统计学意义(P>0. 05);干预 8 周后 NGT 组 NRS 2002 及 PG-SGA 评分明显低于 ONS 组,而 KPS 评分明显高于 ONS 组(P< 0. 05)。 干预前,两组患者血清营养指标水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05);干预 8 周后,NGT 组血清白蛋白、血红蛋白、 铁及前白蛋白水平明显高于 ONS 组(P< 0. 05)。 两组患者放化疗期间的不良反应发生率比较差异均无统计学意义( P> 0. 05)。 结论 对接受放化疗的食管癌患者而言,早期 NGT 能有效改善患者的营养状况,提高身体状态,临床应用价值良好。

Objective To investigate the effects of intranasal feeding NGT through nasogastric tube on nutritional status and body status of patients with esophageal cancer during radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Method Retrospective analysis was performed on 100 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent concurrent chemoradiation and chemotherapy treated in the First People's Hospital of Suqian Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to December 2023. They were divided into 2 groups according to different nutritional therapy methods. The nutritional therapy methods were NGT enteral feeding n = 50 and oral nutritional supplements ONS n = 50 . The nutritional status NRS 2002 and patient-generated subjective global assessment PG-SGA of the two groups were compared before and after 8 weeks of intervention assessment PG-SGA body mass index BMI and related serum nutritional indices body status Karnofsky performance status KPS and incidence of toxic side effects of chemoradiotherapy . Result There was no significant difference in the scores of NRS 2002 PG-SGA and KPS between the two groups before intervention P>0. 05 . After 8 weeks of intervention the scores of NRS 2002 and PG-SGA in NGT group were significantly lower than those in ONS group while the scores of KPS in NGT group were significantly higher than those in ONS group P<0. 05 . Before intervention there was no significant difference in serum nutritional indexes between the two groups P>0. 05 . After 8 weeks of intervention serum ALb Hb Fer and prealbumin levels in NGT group were significantly higher than those in ONS group P< 0. 05 . There was no significant difference in the incidence of toxicity and side effects between 2 groups P> 0. 05 . Conclusion Early NGT nutritional support can effectively improve the nutritional status and physical status of patients with esophageal cancer receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy and has good clinical application value.