乳腺癌作为女性最常见的恶性肿瘤，手术、放化疗、内分泌治疗和靶向治疗是常用的治疗手段。越来越多的循证医 学证据表明，乳腺癌患者营养状态与疾病治疗效果、复发风险、死亡风险及生活质量等密切相关。适当的营养治疗不仅帮助乳 腺癌患者保持良好的营养状态和生活习惯，增加治疗耐受性，改善治疗效果，提高生活质量，而且可以降低乳腺癌患者的复发 和死亡风险。乳腺癌患者的营养监测与治疗不容忽视，应当与抗肿瘤治疗并重。相对营养不足而言，乳腺癌患者营养过剩的 发生率更高。营养过剩可引起身体损伤、生活质量下降、治疗相关不良反应增加以及持久的心理社会问题等不良后果。乳腺 癌确诊后应进行营养风险筛查及营养评估，即使采取有效的营养治疗措施，并且在整个疾病过程中定期进行随访。

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy are common treatment methods. More and more evidence⁃based medicine evidences show that the nutritional status of patients with breast cancer is closely related to the treatment effect, the risk of recurrence, the risk of death and the quality of life. Proper nutritional treatment can not only help breast cancer patients maintain good nutritional status and living habits, increase treatment tolerance, improve treatment effect, improve quality of life, but also reduce the risk of recurrence and death of breast cancer patients. Nutritional monitoring and treatment of breast cancer patients should not be ignored, and should pay equal attention to anti⁃tumor treatment. Overnutrition is associated with a higher incidence in breast cancer patients than undernutrition. Overnutrition can lead to physical impairment, decreased quality of life, increased treatment⁃related adverse reactions, and persistent psychosocial problems. After the diagnosis of breast cancer, nutritional risk screening and nutritional assessment should be carried out, even if effective nutritional treatment measures are taken, and regular follow⁃up should be carried out throughout the disease process.