口服营养补充是无肠内营养禁忌证的营养不良或营养风险患者首选的营养治疗。患者的依从性是影响口服营养补充顺 利实施的关键因素，提高患者对口服营养补充的依从性对于实现营养治疗目标、改善患者营养状况具有重要的意义。但受到来自患 者、医疗机构及医务人员、制剂等因素的影响，当前临床实践情境中患者对口服营养补充的依从性并不理想，亟待进一步规范口服营 养补充的临床管理实践，以提升患者对口服营养补充的依从性，具体内容包括：①营养治疗的最佳团队建设；②口服营养补充治疗 计划实施前的患者评估；③口服营养补充患者的健康教育；④口服营养补充不耐受症状的预防与处理；⑤影响营养素摄入的疾病和 症状的处理；⑥提高患者对制剂接受度的方法；⑦患者的随访与监测。

Oral nutritional supplements is the preferred nutritional therapy for patients with malnutrition or nutritional risk without enteral nutrition contraindications. Patient compliance is the key factor affecting the implementation of oral nutritional supplements. Improving compliance to oral nutritional supplements is of great significance to achieve the goal of nutritional treatment and promote the nutritional status of patients. But due to various factors derived from patients, medical institutions, supplements, and other aspects, patients′ compliance to oral nutritional supplements is poor. The clinical practice of using oral nutritional supplements should be further standardized from the following aspects：① the best team building for nutrition therapy;② patient evaluation before oral nutritional supplements therapy; ③ health education for patients with oral nutritional supplements; ④ prevention and management of intolerance to oral nutrition supplements; ⑤ management of symptoms or diseases that affect nutrient intake; ⑥ improvement of patients′ acceptance of supplements; ⑦ follow⁃up and monitoring of patients, to improve patient′s compliance to oral nutritional supplements.