肌肉减少症是一种以进行性、广泛性的骨骼肌含量减少和功能减退为主要特点的综合征。由于肿瘤患者的高分解代谢 和低合成代谢状态，因此，肌肉减少症的发生率较高。与恶性肿瘤相关的肌肉减少症，称为肿瘤相关性肌肉减少症，不仅影响患者机 体成分的正常代谢，还会降低患者治疗疗效、生活质量，缩短生存期。因此，做好肿瘤患者的营养筛查和评估，及时发现肿瘤相关性 肌肉减少症，并给予有效干预，对于患者的长期生存具有深远意义。基于此，中国抗癌协会肿瘤营养专业委员会组织专家制订了本 共识，主要根据我国肿瘤相关性肌肉减少症诊疗现状、国内外发表的循证医学证据，结合临床、药学、营养、护理等领域的专家经验和 意见，采用欧洲心脏学会证据分级和推荐强度标准，围绕肿瘤相关肌肉减少症的筛查、诊断、评估、治疗等方面进行分析、讨论与总结。 最终，制订了肿瘤相关性肌肉减少症临床诊断与治疗指南，为临床医师规范化和标准化诊疗提供参考依据。

Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized skeletal muscle loss and hypofunction. Cancer patients have a higher incidence of sarcopenia due to hypercatabolic and low anabolic states. This sarcopenia associated with malignant tumors, called cancer⁃related sarcopenia, which not only affects the normal metabolism of body components in patients, but also reduces the efficacy of treatment, quality of life and survival of patients. Therefore, it has far⁃reaching significance for the long⁃term survival of patients to do a good job in nutritional screening and evaluation of cancer patients, timely detection of cancer⁃related sarcopenia, and effective intervention for the long⁃term survival of patients. Based on this, the Chinese Society for Nutritional Oncology organized experts to formulate this consensus, which contents mainly based on the current Chinese cancer⁃related sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment status, evidence published at home and abroad, combined with the experience and opinions of experts in the fields of clinical, pharmaceutical, nutrition, nursing, etc., used the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) evidence grading and recommendation intensity standards, and focused on the screening, diagnosis, evaluation, treatment of malignant cancer⁃related sarcopenia for analysis, discussion and summary. Finally, the clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines for cancer⁃related sarcopenia were formulated for clinicians to provide a reference basis for standardized diagnosis and treatment.