住院患者普遍存在营养不良的情况,尤其是重症和肿瘤患者。 营养不良可导致患者病情加重,延长住院时间,甚至 增加预后不良风险。 因此,营养治疗是重症患者救治过程中必不可少的治疗手段之一。 肠内营养是胃肠道功能正常的营养 不良患者的首选治疗方式,因其更符合人的生理状态以及价格优良等优势,已经在临床中得到广泛的应用。 而鼻肠管是建立 成人患者肠内营养治疗通路的重要手段,常用于有高误吸风险、胃肠动力学紊乱、吞咽困难和重型颅脑损伤的患者。 经鼻肠 管进行肠内营养具有无创、简便、经济、并发症少等优势。 经鼻肠管肠内营养不仅有助于患者的肠道运动,为患者提供身体所 需营养物质,还能迅速建立肠内营养通道,改善预后。 近期,中国抗癌协会肿瘤营养专业委员会肿瘤营养通路学组组织发布 了《中国成年患者营养治疗通路指南》。 本文对指南中鼻肠管部分的推荐意见进行证据总结和解读。

Malnutrition is common in hospitalized patients especially in critically ill and cancer patients. Malnutrition can lead to further deterioration of the patient's condition prolong the length of hospital stay and even increase the risk of poor prognosis. Therefore nutritional support for these patients is very necessary. Enteral nutrition is the first choice for malnourished patients with normal gastrointestinal function. Enteral nutrition has been widely used in clinical practice because of its physiological and cost-effective advantages. Nasointestinal tube is an important means of establishing enteral nutrition access for adult patients. It is commonly used in patients with high risk of aspiration dysphagia dysphagia and severe traumatic brain injury after gastrectomy. Parenteral nutrition through the nasointestinal tube has the advantages of safety and fewer complications. Many clinical trials have also confirmed that the establishment of nutritional route through the nasointestinal tube is very safe and effective. Enteral nutrition via nasointestinal tube not only helps the patient's bowel movement and provides the nutrients needed by the body but also rapidly establishes an enteral nutrition route to increase the patient􀆳s energy intake thereby improving the prognosis. Recently the Nutritional Access Group of Chinese Society for Oncological Nutrition and Supportive Care released the Guidelines for Nutritional access for Adult Patients in China. The article summarizes the evidence and interprets the recommendations in the nasointestinal section of the guideline.