胃瘫是由胃排空障碍引起的,以恶心、呕吐、腹胀与腹痛为主要表现的临床综合征。 胃瘫早已对人类健康构成重大 威胁,其死亡率远高于非胃瘫患者。 胃瘫患者常伴有呕吐、早饱及腹胀等症状,并因此导致营养素摄入不足。 开展营养筛查 与评估,并根据评估结果与病情进行适当的营养治疗是治疗胃瘫、防治胃瘫相关并发症的重要措施。 在完成对胃瘫患者的评 估后,需要制订出一套个体化的营养治疗方案,主要内容包括饮食习惯的调整:低脂、低可溶性纤维饮食,少量多餐,如达不到 机体的营养需求,可适当增加进餐次数;尽量少进食富含纤维的食物;合理的选择营养治疗路径,空肠营养是胃瘫患者经口进 食最有效的替代方法;注意能量及微量元素(铁、脂溶性维生素、维生素 B 和叶酸等)的补充;合并恶性肿瘤的患者,蛋白质的 供给量可增加到 1. 5 g / (kg·d)。 总之,营养治疗是治疗胃瘫患者的必要环节和重要策略。

Gastroparesis is a clinical syndrome caused by gastric emptying disorder with nausea vomiting abdominal distension and abdominal pain as the main manifestations. Gastroparesis has long posed a serious threat to human health with a mortality rate much higher than that of non-gastroparesis patients. Patients with gastroparesis are often accompanied by vomiting early satiety and abdominal distension which lead to insufficient nutrient intake. Nutritional screening and assessment and appropriate nutritional treatment according to the assessment results and conditions are important measures to treat gastroparesis and prevent complications related to gastroparesis. After completing the evaluation of gastroparesis patients it is necessary to formulate a set of individualized nutritional treatment plan which mainly includes the adjustment of dietary habits low-fat low-soluble fiber diet small number of meals if the nutritional requirements of the body cannot be met the number of meals can be increased appropriately. Eat less fiber-rich foods. Jejunal nutrition is the most effective alternative to oral feeding for gastroparesis patients. Pay attention to energy and trace elements iron fat soluble vitamins B vitamins and folic acid etc. supplement. In patients with malignant tumors protein supply can be increased to 1. 5 g / kg·d . In conclusion nutrition therapy is a necessary link and an important strategy in the treatment of gastroparesis patients.